Morphologie du processus styloïde de l’os temporal au scanner à Parakou

Authors

  • AKANNI Djivèdé Witchékpo Maurice Mohamed
  • ADJADOHOUN Sonia
  • KIKI Miralda
  • ADEOSSI Amos
  • YEKPE-AHOUANSOU Patricia
  • SAVI de TOVE Kofi-Mensa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55715/jaim.v14i4.450

Keywords:

Styloid process, temporal bone, morphology, Eagle syndrome, CT scan.

Abstract

Introduction: Morphological changes (length, angulations, and thickness) of the styloid process (SP) can cause friction with adjacent neurovascular structures and lead to symptoms known as Eagle syndrome (ES). This morphology would vary from individual to individual and from population to population. The aim was to study the morphology of the PS on the CT scan in Parakou (Benin).

Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study with inclusion of CT scans performed over the period from November 2019 to July 2020. CT images of 218 patients were studied. PS morphometry was measured on multiplanar reconstructions using Radiant software measurement parameters. The type of elongation and calcification pattern of the PS was classified according to the Langlais classification.

Results: The prevalence of elongated styloid process (ESP) was 31.54% (n=131) and type I elongation was the most frequent (57.25%, n=75). The mean length of the PS was 30.52 mm and the mean maximum thickness was 3.56 mm. The mean medio-lateral angle was 72.24 degrees, the mean antero-posterior angle was 70.81 degrees, linear shape (77.77%, n=322), and complete calcification (77.39%, n=104) were the most common morphological variants. Apart from the thickness and the minimum distance between the stylohyoid complex and the tonsil fossa, no other variable was statistically associated with the lengthening of the PS. The longer the SP, the thicker it was and the closer it was to the tonsil fossa. The maximum thickness of the PS increased with age (p=0.0003).

Conclusion: 31.54% of the subjects in this study had a long PS of more than 30 mm. It would be interesting to carry out a radio-clinical study to determine the normal value of PS in black African subjects and the prevalence of SE.

RESUME

Introduction : Les modifications morphologiques (longueur, angulations, épaisseur) du processus styloïde (PS) peuvent irriter les structures neurovasculaires adjacentes et entrainer des symptômes connus sous le nom de syndrome de Eagle (SE). Cette morphologie varierait d’un individu à un autre et d’une population à une autre. L’objectif général de ce travail était d’étudier la morphologie du PS au scanner dans la ville de Parakou (Bénin).

Matériels et Méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une étude rétrospective descriptive et analytique avec inclusion des scanners réalisés sur la période de novembre 2019 à juillet 2020. Les images tomodensitométriques de 218 patients ont été étudiées. La morphométrie du PS a été mesurée sur des reconstructions multiplanaires à l’aide des paramètres de mesure du logiciel Radiant. Le type d’élongation et le modèle de calcification des PS ont été classés selon la classification de Langlais.

Résultats : La prévalence du processus styloïde allongé (PSA) était de 31,54% (n=131) et le type I d’élongation était la plus fréquente (57,25%, n=75). La longueur moyenne du PS était de 30,52 mm et l’épaisseur maximale moyenne de 3,56 mm. L’angle médio-latéral moyenne était de 72,24 degré, l’angle antéro-postérieur moyenne de 70,81 degré, la forme linéaire (77,77%, n=322), et la calcification complète (77,39%, n=104) étaient les variantes morphologiques les plus fréquentes. En dehors de l’épaisseur et de la distance minimale entre le complexe stylo-hyoïdien et la fosse tonsilaire aucune variable n’était statistiquement associée à l’allongement du PS. Plus le PS était long, plus il était épais et plus proche était-il de la fosse tonsilaire. L’épaisseur maximale du PS quant à elle augmentait avec l’âge (p=0,0003).

Conclusion : 31,54% des sujets de cette étude présentaient un PS long de plus de 30 mm. Il serait donc intéressant de faire une étude radioclinique afin de déterminer la valeur normale du PS chez le sujet noir africain et la prévalence du SE.

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Published

2023-05-01

How to Cite

AKANNI Djivèdé Witchékpo Maurice Mohamed, ADJADOHOUN Sonia, KIKI Miralda, ADEOSSI Amos, YEKPE-AHOUANSOU Patricia, & SAVI de TOVE Kofi-Mensa. (2023). Morphologie du processus styloïde de l’os temporal au scanner à Parakou. Journal Africain D Imagerie Médicale (J Afr Imag Méd) Journal Officiel De La Société De Radiologie d’Afrique Noire Francophone (SRANF), 14(4). https://doi.org/10.55715/jaim.v14i4.450

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