Clinical and imaging concordance of non-traumatic abdominal emergencies in children in two secondary level hospitals in Cameroon.

Auteurs

  • DONGMO FOMEKONG Sylviane
  • MOULION TAPOUH Jean-Roger
  • ETOMA Estelle
  • Joshua TAMBE
  • NGWANE Ntongwetape
  • LAAH NJOYO Sylvain
  • BELOBO EYEBE Anne Marie Grace
  • MOIFO Boniface

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.55715/jaim.v18i2.964

Résumé

Background: Non-traumatic abdominal emergencies (NTAEs) are a major cause of pediatric consultations in emergency departments. Their atypical presentation complicates diagnosis, especially in resource-limited settings where imaging practices vary.

Objective: This study evaluated the profile of pediatric NTAEs and the concordance between clinical and imaging diagnoses in two regional hospitals in Cameroon.

Material and Methods: A retrospective review was conducted at Buea and Limbe Regional Hospitals from January 2022 to April 2024. Records of children aged 0–15 years presenting with acute abdominal symptoms and who underwent imaging were analyzed. Incomplete records were excluded. Data included socio-demographics, clinical presentation, imaging modalities, and diagnoses. Concordance between clinical and imaging diagnoses was assessed using percentages and Cohen’s kappa coefficient.

Results: Among 116 children (mean age 7.1 ± 4.8 years; 55.2% male), school-aged children (6–12 years) were most represented (44.0%). Common symptoms included abdominal pain (63.8%), vomiting (46.6%), and fever (28.4%). Ultrasound was the primary imaging modality (79.3%); CT was rarely used (0.9%). Leading imaging-confirmed etiologies were intussusception (15.5%), peritonitis (14.7%), and hernia (10.3%). Overall concordance between clinical and imaging diagnoses was 52%. Substantial agreement was found for hernia (κ=0.776) and intussusception (κ=0.656), while appendicitis showed moderate agreement (κ=0.543).

Conclusion: Pediatric NTAEs are prevalent in Cameroon, with intussusception and peritonitis as leading causes. Ultrasound remains central to diagnosis due to its accessibility, diagnosis accuracy and innocuity. Moderate clinical and imaging concordance highlights the need to strengthen imaging capacity and standardize pediatric abdominal ultrasound protocols to improve diagnostic accuracy and outcomes in low-resource settings.

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Publiée

2026-04-01

Comment citer

DONGMO FOMEKONG Sylviane, MOULION TAPOUH Jean-Roger, ETOMA Estelle, Joshua TAMBE, NGWANE Ntongwetape, LAAH NJOYO Sylvain, … MOIFO Boniface. (2026). Clinical and imaging concordance of non-traumatic abdominal emergencies in children in two secondary level hospitals in Cameroon. Journal Africain D Imagerie Médicale (J Afr Imag Méd) Journal Officiel De La Société De Radiologie d’Afrique Noire Francophone (SRANF), 18(2). https://doi.org/10.55715/jaim.v18i2.964