Évaluation échographique du diamètre de l’enveloppe du nerf optique chez les femmes pré-éclamptiques : une étude prospective comparative

Auteurs

  • GBANDE Pihou
  • ADEYEMI Abdou-Nassirou
  • KETEVI Améyo Ayoko
  • TCHAOU Mazamaesso
  • AMADOU Abdoulatif
  • SONHAYE Lantam
  • AGODA-KOUSSEMA Lama Kegdigoma
  • ADJENOU Komlanvi

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.55715/jaim.v18i2.951

Résumé

Objective: To evaluate the relevance and effectiveness of ultrasound measurement of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath (ONSD) for the early detection of intracranial hypertension in preeclamptic women.

Materials and Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted in the departments of radiology and medical imaging and obstetrics-gynecology of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Center in Lomé (Togo) from October 1, 2024, to May 31, 2025. The study included pregnant women with preeclampsia as the case group and women without hypertensive disorders as the control group. The Student’s t-test and ROC curve analysis were used to assess the diagnostic performance of the ONSD, with the level of statistical significance set at 5%.

Results: A total of 160 pregnant women were included: 80 preeclamptic and 80 controls. Among the cases, 54 (67.5 %) had severe preeclampsia and 26 (32.5 %) had moderate preeclampsia. The mean age was 29.42 ± 6.73 years in the pre-eclamptic group and 26.40 ± 7.52 years in the control group (p = 0.007). The mean ONSD was significantly higher in preeclamptic women (5.83 ± 0.74 mm) compared to controls (4.66 ± 0.23 mm; p < 0.01) and was even higher in severe cases than in moderate cases (6.0 ± 0.7 mm vs 5.48 ± 0.7 mm; p < 0.01). An ONSD > 5 mm predicted preeclampsia with 85 % sensitivity and 95 % specificity (AUC = 0.91), while an ONSD > 5.8 mm predicted severity with 50 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity (AUC = 0.87).

Conclusion: ONSD, as an indirect marker of intracranial hypertension, could serve as a useful complementary tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of preeclampsia.

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Publiée

2026-04-01

Comment citer

GBANDE Pihou, ADEYEMI Abdou-Nassirou, KETEVI Améyo Ayoko, TCHAOU Mazamaesso, AMADOU Abdoulatif, SONHAYE Lantam, … ADJENOU Komlanvi. (2026). Évaluation échographique du diamètre de l’enveloppe du nerf optique chez les femmes pré-éclamptiques : une étude prospective comparative. Journal Africain D Imagerie Médicale (J Afr Imag Méd) Journal Officiel De La Société De Radiologie d’Afrique Noire Francophone (SRANF), 18(2), 80–88. https://doi.org/10.55715/jaim.v18i2.951