Aspects tomodensitométriques du syndrome d’Eagle au centre hospitalier régional Heinrich Lübke de Diourbel : à propos de 30 cas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55715/jaim.v12i4.164Keywords:
CT scan, Eagle syndrome.Abstract
Objectives: share our experience on the cervical scanner for the clinical suspicion of Eagle syndrome.
Materials and methods: iconographic review over a period of 03 years from 01 August 2015 to 01 August 2018 including 43 patients, received in the radiology and medical imaging department of the regional hospital of Diourbel in a context of suspicion of Eagle syndrome in whom we performed a cervical CT scan without and with injection of contrast agent. The parameters studied were the length of the styloid process (normal less than 25 mm), topography, type according to the Langlais classification and the presence of vascular complications. The data were analysed using SPSS 24 and Excel 2016 software.
Results: The average age was 38 and the sex ratio was 13.3 in favour of women. CT scan results were abnormal in 30 patients (70%).
The average length of the styloid process elongations was 37.9 mm. It was bilateral in 23 patients (77%), unilateral right in 4 patients (13%) and unilateral left in 3 patients (10%).
Type 1 according to the Langlais classification was found in 21 patients (70%) followed by type 3 in 8 patients (27%). No vascular complications were found.
Conclusion: The CT scan made it possible to diagnose Eagle syndrome and to specify the type.
RÉSUMÉ
Objectifs : partager notre expérience sur le scanner cervical pour la suspicion clinique du syndrome d’Eagle.
Matériels et méthodes : revue iconographique sur une période de 03 ans allant du 01 aout 2015 au 01 août 2018 incluant 43 patients, reçus dans le service de radiologie et imagerie médicale de l’hôpital régional de Diourbel dans un contexte de suspicion de syndrome d’Eagle chez qui nous avons réalisé une TDM cervicale sans et avec injection de produit de contraste. Les paramètres étudiés étaient la longueur du processus styloïde (normale inférieure à 25 mm), la topographie, le type selon la classification de Langlais et la présence de complications vasculaires. Les données ont été analysées avec les logiciels SPSS 24 et Excel 2016.
Résultats : L’âge moyen était de 38 ans et le sex-ratio de 13,3 en faveur des femmes. Les résultats de la TDM étaient anormaux chez 30 patients (70%). La longueur moyenne des élongations du processus styloïde était de 37,9 mm. Elle était bilatérale chez 23 patients (77 %), unilatérale droite chez 4 patients (13%) et unilatérale gauche chez 3 patients (10%). Le type 1 selon la classification de Langlais était trouvé chez 21 patients (70%) suivi du type 3 chez 8 patients (27%). Aucune complication vasculaire n’a été retrouvée.
Conclusion : la tomodensitométrie a permis de poser le diagnostic de syndrome d’Eagle et de préciser le type.
Downloads
References
2. Al-Khateeb TH, Al-Dajani, Al-Jamal GA. Mineralization of the stylohyoid ligament complex in a Jordanian sample: a clinicoradiographic study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010; 68:1242-1251.
3. Langlais RP, Miles DA, Vans Dis ML. Elongated and mineralized stylohyoid ligamet complex: a proposed classification and report of a case of Eagle’s syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1986; 61:527-532.
4. Steinman EP. A new light on the pathogenisis of the styloid syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol. 1970;91(2):74-75.
5. Eagle WW. Elongated styloid process: Further observation and a new syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol. 1948;47:630-640.
6. Kaufman SM, Elzay RP, Irish EF. Styloid process variation: Radiologic and clinical study. Arch Otolaryngol. 1970; 91:460-463.
7. Piagkou M, Anagnostopoulou S, Kouladouros K et Piagkos G. Eagle’s syndrome: a review of the literature. Clin Anat. 2009;22(5):545-558.
8. Oztas B et Orhan K. Investigation of the incidence of stylohyoid ligament calcifications with panoramic radiographs. J Investig Clin Dent. 2011;3(1):30-35.
9. Watanabe PCA, Dias FC, Issa JPM, Monteiro SAC, De Paula FJA, Tiossi R. Elongated styloid process and atheroma in panoramic radiography and its relationship with system osteoporosis and osteopenia. Osteoporois international. 2010;21(5):831-836
10. Keur JJ, Campbell JP, McCarthy JF, Ralph WJ. The clinical significance of the elongated styloid process. Oral Surg Oral Medicine Oral Pathol. 1986; 61:399–404.
11. Camarda AJ, Deschamps C et Forest D. Stylohyoid chain ossification: a discussion of etiology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Path. 1989;67:508-514.
12. Fini G, Gasparini G, Filippini F, Becelli R, Marcotullio D. The long styloid process syndrome or Eagle’s syndrome. Journal of cranio-maxillofacial surgery. 2000;28(2):123-127.
13. Rodriguez-Vasquez JF, Mérida-Velasco JR, Verdugo et al. Morphogenesis of the second pharyngeal arch cartilage (Reichert's cartilage) in human embryos. J Anat. 2006;208(2):179-189.
14. Eagle WW. Elongated styloid process, report of 2 cases. Arch Otolaryngol. 1937;25:584-587.
15. Eagle WW. Symptomatic elongated styloid process. Arch Otolaryngol. 1949;49:490-503.
16. Balbuena L, Hayes D, Ramirez SG, Johnson R. Eagle‘s syndrome (elongated styloid process). South Med J. 1997;90:331-334.
17. Steinman EP. A new light on the pathogenisis of the styloid syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol. 1970;91(2):74-75.
18. Murtagh RD, Caracciolo JT et Fernandez G. CT findings associated with Eagle syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2001;22(7):1401-1402.
19. Kaufman SM, Elsay RP, Frish EG. Styloid process variation: radiological and clinical study. Arch Otolaryngol. 1970; 91:460-463.
20. Ceylan A, Koybasioglu A, Celenk et al. Surgical treatment of elongated styloid process: experinece of 61 cases. Skull Base. 2008; 18(5):289-295.
21. Lengele B. et Dhem A. Microradiographic and histological study of the styloid process of the temporal bone. Acta Anat. 1989;135(3):193-199.
22. Raser J.M, Mullen M.T, Kasner S.E et al. Cervical carotid artery dissection is associated with styloid process length. Neurology. 2011;77(23):2061-2066.
23. Correl R, Jensen J, Taylor J, Rhyne R. Mineralization of the stylohyoid-stylomandibular ligament complex: A radiographic incidence study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1979;48:286-291.
24. Gokce C, Sisman Y et Sipahioglu M. Styloid process elongation or Eagle’s syndrome: is there any role for ectopic calcification? Eur J Dent. 2008;2(3):224-228.
25. Ilguy M, Ilguy D, Guler N et Bayirli G. Incidence of the type and calcification patterns in patients with elongated styloid process. J Int Med Res. 2005;33(1):96-102.
26. Monsour P, Young WJ. Variability of the styloid process and stylohyoid ligament in panoramic radiographs. Arch Otolaryngol. 1986; 61:522±526.
27. Bizet A, Margottin C et al. Prise en charge chirurgicale par voie endobuccale d’une patiente atteinte d’un syndrome d’Eagle : cas clinique et revue de littérature. Med Buccale Chir Buccale. 2016; 22: 63-75.
28. Nakamaru Y, Fakuda S, Miyashita S, et al. Diagnosis of the
elongated styloid process by three-dimensional computed tomography. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2002;29:55.
29. Wada T, Kusakari J, Kawashima Y, Kiuchi M. Investigation of elongated styloid process by CT scan (in Japanese). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg (Tokyo). 1991; 63:355–99.
30. Haas P, Beyer WF, Hirschfelder H. The styloid syndrome. Zeitschrift fr Orthopadie und Ihre Grenzgebiete. 1991; 129:521–4.
31. Bafaqeeh SR. Eagle syndrome : classic and carotid artery types. J Otolaryngol. 2000;29:88-94.
32. Mendelsohn AH, Berke GS et Chhetri DK. Heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of Eagle’s syndrome. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;134(3):389-393.
33. Härmä R. Stylalgia: Clinical Experiences of 52 Cases. Acta Oto- Laryngologica. 1967; 63:149-155.
34. Jung T, Tschernitschek H, Hippen H et al. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. 2004; 33:119-124.
35. Gossman JR Jr, Tarsitano JJ. The stylo-stylohyoid syndrome. J Oral Surg. 1977; 35:555-560.
36. Hebant B, Guegan-Massardier E, Macaigne V. Ischemic stroke due to internal carotid artery dissection associated with an elongated styloid process (Eagle syndrome). J Neurol Sci. 2017; 372:466-467.
37. Ohara N, Sakaguchi M, Okazaki S et al. Internal carotid artery dissection caused by an elongated styloid process: usefulness of transoral ultrasonography. J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. 2012; 21(8):918e7-918e8.
38. Renard D, Azakri S, Arquizan et al. Styloid and hyoid bone proximity is a risk factor for cervical carotid artery dissection. Stroke. 2013;44(9):2475-2479.
39. Todo T, Alexander M, Stokol C et al. Eagle syndrome revisited: cerebrovascular complications. Ann Vasc Surg. 2012;26(5):729e1-729e5.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Copyright @2017. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial used, distribution and reproduction in any medium
